Anti-Ro Antibody
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Anti-Ro antibodies, also known as anti-SSA antibodies, are associated with Sjögren syndrome.
The reference range of anti-Ro antibodies is negative.
A positive anti-Ro result is indicated by a speckled appearance under immunofluorescence with ultraviolet light.
Anti-Ro levels may be elevated in the following conditions: [1]
Sjögren syndrome: 60%-70% of cases
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): 25% of cases
Both anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB are usually absent in secondary Sjögren syndrome. [2]
When anti-Ro/SSA levels are elevated in SLE, it is often in antinuclear antibody (ANA)–negative lupus. [2]
Anti-Ro/SSA plus anti-La/SSB is associated with the following factors: [3]
Age older than 50 years
HLA-DR3
Lower likelihood of anti-DNA antibodies
Anti-Ro/SSA without anti-La/SSB is associated with the following factors: [3]
Age younger than 22 years
HLA-DR2
Worse renal manifestations
Increased likelihood of anti-DNA antibodies
There are no special collection conditions or timings.
Draw in a standard red-top tube.
Hemolysis and lipemia should not affect the results but should be avoided, if possible.
There are no special storage conditions.
It is usually not part of a laboratory panel.
Anti-Ro antibodies are associated with Sjögren syndrome.
Sjögren syndrome is often characterized by xerostomia and xerophthalmia-type symptoms. A diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome requires a minimum of 3 of the 4 following criteria: [4]
Positive Schirmer test result or Rose Bengal score
Histological grading of the minor salivary glands with a focus score of greater than 1
Salivary flow of less than 1.5 mL in 15 minutes
Anti-Ro/SSA and/or anti-La/SSB antibodies
At this time, no conclusive evidence indicates that any single laboratory technique provides superior sensitivities or specificities.
Anti-Ro, along with other autoantibody levels, should be obtained when a rheumatologic/connective tissue disorder is suspected, specifically if the following conditions manifest or are suspected: [2, 3]
Photosensitivity or subacute cutaneous lupus
Primary Sjögren syndrome vasculitis
Cutaneous vasculitis/palpable purpura
Interstitial lung disease
Neonatal lupus
Congenital heart block
ANA-negative SLE
Nephritis, vasculitis, lymphadenopathy, leukopenia
Homozygous C2 and C4 deficiency with SLE-like disease
Rheumatoid factor positivity and severe systemic symptoms
SLE with interstitial pneumonitis
Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 9th Edition ISBN: 9780323053457 (p.96).
Wallach’s Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests 9th Edition ISBN: 9781605476674 (p.62).
Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods 21st Edition (p. 919).
Kelley’s Textbook of Rheumatology, 9th ed.
Niral M Patel St Louis University School of Medicine
Niral M Patel is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Eric B Staros, MD Associate Professor of Pathology, St Louis University School of Medicine; Director of Clinical Laboratories, Director of Cytopathology, Department of Pathology, St Louis University Hospital
Eric B Staros, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association, American Society for Clinical Pathology, College of American Pathologists, Association for Molecular Pathology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Anti-Ro Antibody
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